Density Dependent: Describes a factor that influences individuals in a population to a degree that varies in response to how crowded (dense) the population is.
- overgrazing of lichen by the moose and caribou decreases the lichen population. The wolves following behind the caribou as they eat the lichen, will then over eat the subnivean animals greatly decreasing their population.
- increases in the populations will increase chances of disease
Density Independent: A factor that influences individuals in a population in a manner that does not vary with the extent of crowding present in the population.
- harsh cold winter
- food shortage (less lichen or mosses grow)
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